http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1951
Note: I was born on November 15, 1951 and it was quite an eventful year for planet Earth. ~Peta-de-Aztlan
1951
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 19th century - 20th century - 21st century |
| Decades: | 1920s 1930s 1940s - 1950s - 1960s 1970s 1980s |
| Years: | 1948 1949 1950 - 1951 - 1952 1953 1954 |
| 1951 by topic: |
| Subject: Archaeology - Architecture - Art |
| Aviation - Film - Literature (Poetry) Meteorology - Music (Country) Rail transport - Radio - Science - Spaceflight |
| Sports - Television |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - Ecuador - India Soviet Union -UK - United States - Zimbabwe |
| Leaders: Sovereign states - State leaders |
| Religious leaders - Law |
| Categories: Births - Deaths - Works - Introductions |
| Establishments - Disestablishments - Awards |
Year 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday.
| [show]Contents: |
|---|
[edit] Events of 1951
[edit] January
- January 9 – The new United Nations headquarters officially opens in New York City.
- January 15 – Ilse Koch, The "Witch of Buchenwald," wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment in a court in West Germany.
- January 17 – Korean War: Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul.
- January 20 – Avalanches in the Alps kill 240 and bury 45,000 for a time in Switzerland, Austria and Italy.
- January 27 – Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site begins with a 1-kiloton bomb dropped on Frenchman Flat, northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada.
[edit] February
- February – Convention People's Party wins national elections in Gold Coast (British colony).
- February 1 – The United Nations General Assembly declares that China is the aggressor in the Korean War.
- February 4–8 – Surgeons remove an ovarian cyst from Gertrude Levandowski in a 96-hour long operation in Chicago. She loses almost half of her weight and emerges weighing 140 kg.
- February 6 – A Pennsylvania Railroad passenger train derails near Woodbridge Township, New Jersey, killing 85 people and injuring over 500, in one of the worst rail disasters in American history.
- February 12 – Muhammad Reza Shah marries Soraya Esfandiary Bakhtiari.
- February 15 - Start of the 1951 New Zealand waterfront dispute, which lasts for 151 days.
- February 19 – Jean Lee becomes the last woman hung in Australia, when Lee and her 2 pimps are hung for the murder and torture of a 73-year-old bookmaker.
- February 27 – The Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, limiting Presidents to two terms, is ratified.
[edit] March
- March 6 – The trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg begins.
- March 7 – Korean War – Operation Ripper: In Korea, United Nations troops led by General Matthew Ridgeway begin an assault against the Chinese "volunteers".
- March 12 – The comic strip Dennis the Menace appears in newspapers across the U.S. for the first time.
- March 14
- Korean War: For the second time, United Nations troops recapture Seoul.
- West Germany joins UNESCO.
- March 29
- Second Red Scare: Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage. On April 5 they are sentenced to receive the death penalty.
- Rodgers and Hammerstein's The King and I opens on Broadway and runs for 3 years. It is the first Rodgers and Hammerstein show specifically written for an actress (Gertrude Lawrence). Lawrence is stricken with cancer during the run of the show and dies halfway through its run. The show makes a star of Yul Brynner.
- The 23rd Academy Awards ceremony is held.
- March 31 – Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the United States Census Bureau.
[edit] April
- April 1 – Female suffrage begins in Greece.
- April 11
- U.S. President Harry S. Truman relieves General Douglas MacArthur of his Far Eastern commands.
- After its removal from Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day, 1950, the Stone of Scone resurfaces on the altar of Arbroath Abbey.
- April 18 – The Treaty of Paris (1951) is adopted, establishing the European Coal and Steel Community.
- April 21 – The National Olympic Committee of the Soviet Union is formed. The USSR first participates in the Olympic Games at Helsinki, Finland, in 1952.
- April 24 – In Yokohama, Japan a fire on a train kills more than 100.
- April 28 – Robert Menzies' Liberal Party government in Australia is re-elected for a second term.
[edit] May
- May 1 – The Opera house of Geneva, Switzerland is almost destroyed in a fire.
- May 3
- King George VI opens London's Royal Festival Hall as a patron.
- The Festival of Britain opens.
- The U.S. Senate Committee on Armed Services and U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations begins its closed door hearings into the dismissal of General Douglas MacArthur by U.S. President Harry S. Truman.
- May 9 – Operation Greenhouse: The first thermonuclear weapon is tested on Enewetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands, by the United States.
- May 14 – The first volunteer-run passenger trains run on Talyllyn Railway, Wales.
- May 15 – A military coup occurs in Bolivia.
- May 21 – The Ninth Street Show, otherwise known as the 9th Street Art Exhibition, a gathering of a number of notable artists, marks the stepping-out of the post war New York avant-garde, collectively known as the New York School.
- May 23 – Tibetans are forced to sign the Seventeen Point Agreement for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet with the People's Republic of China.
- May 25 – The first atomic bomb "boosted" by the inclusion of thermonuclear materials, is tested in the "Item" test on Enewetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands by the U.S.
[edit] June
- June 14 – UNIVAC I is dedicated by the U.S. Census Bureau.[1]
- June 15 – July 1- In New Mexico, Arizona, California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, thousands of hectares of forests are destroyed in fires.
- June 18 – Battle Ground, Washington is incorporated.
[edit] July
- July 1 – Judy Garland opens the first of 14 concerts in Dublin, Ireland at the Theatre Royal.
- July 5 – William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain announce the invention of the junction transistor.
- July 10 – Korean War: Armistice negotiations begin at Kaesong.
- July 13
- The Great Flood of 1951 reaches its highest point in Northeast Kansas, culminating in the greatest flood damage to date in the Midwestern United States.
- MGM's Technicolor film version of Show Boat, starring Kathryn Grayson, Ava Gardner, and Howard Keel, premieres at Radio City Music Hall. The 1951 film brings overnight fame to bass-baritone William Warfield (who sings Ol' Man River in the film).
- July 14 – In Joplin, Missouri, the George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument to honor an African American.
- July 16 – King Léopold III of Belgium abdicates in favour of his son Baudouin.
- July 17
- King Baudouin takes the oath as king of Belgium.
- Western New England College in Springfield, Massachusetts is chartered.
- July 20 – King Abdullah I of Jordan is assassinated by a Palestinian while attending Friday prayers in Jerusalem.
- July 26 - Walt Disney's animated feature, Alice in Wonderland, is released
- July 30 – David Lean's Oliver Twist is finally shown in the United States, after 10 minutes of supposedly anti-Semitic references and closeups of Alec Guinness as Fagin are cut. It will not be shown uncut in the U.S. until 1970.
[edit] August
- August 11 – René Pleven becomes Prime Minister of France.
- August 12 – The Catcher in the Rye is first published.
[edit] September
- September 1 – The United States, Australia and New Zealand all sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty.
- September 3 – The American soap opera Search for Tomorrow debuts on CBS. After over 30 years, the show switches to NBC on March 26, 1982. Search for Tomorrow airs its final episode on NBC on December 26, 1986.
- September 8
- Treaty of San Francisco: In San Francisco, California, 48 nations sign a peace treaty with Japan to formally end the Pacific War.
- Japan-U.S. Security Treaty, which allows United States Armed Forces being stationed in Japan after the occupation of Japan, is signed by Japan and the United States.
- September 9 – Chinese communist forces move into Lhasa, the capital of Tibet.
- September 10 – The United Kingdom begins an economic boycott of Iran.
- September 18 – The film A Streetcar Named Desire premieres, becoming a critical and box-office smash.
- September 20 – NATO accepts Greece and Turkey as members.
- September 26–28 – A blue sun is seen over Europe: the effect is due to ash coming from the Canadian forest fires 4 months previously.
[edit] October
- October 3 – "Shot Heard 'Round the World": One of the greatest moments in Major League Baseball history occurs when the New York Giants' Bobby Thomson hits a game winning home run in the bottom of the 9th inning off of Brooklyn Dodgers pitcher Ralph Branca, to win the National League pennant after being down 14 games.
- October 4
- The Gene Kelly film An American in Paris premieres in New York.
- Shoppers World (one the first shopping malls in the U.S.) opens in Framingham, Massachusetts.
- October 7 – Malayan Emergency: Communist insurgents kill British commander Sir Henry Gurney.
- October 15
- Norethindrone, the progestin used in the oral contraceptive is synthesized by Luis E. Miramontes.
- I Love Lucy makes its début on CBS.
- October 16
- Judy Garland begins her legendary concerts in New York's Palace Theatre.
- Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan of Pakistan is assassinated.
- October 17 – CBS' Eye logo premieres on air.
- October 20 – The Johnny Bright Incident occurs in Stillwater, Oklahoma.
- October 21 – A Storm in southern Italy kills over 100.
- October 23 – Sheffield artist Ian Ernest Markham is born in Hannover, West Germany.
- October 24 – U.S. President Harry Truman declares an official end to war with Germany.
- October 26 – Winston Churchill is re-elected Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; his foreign minister is Anthony Eden.
- October 27 – Farouk of Egypt declares himself king of Sudan, with no support.
- October 31 – Scrooge, starring Alastair Sim, opens in England.
[edit] November
- November 1 – The first military exercises for nuclear war, with infantry troops included, are held in the Nevada desert.
- November 10 – Direct dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.
- November 11 – Juan Peron is re-elected president of Argentina.
- November 12 – The National Ballet of Canada performs for the first time in Eaton Auditorium.
- November 20 – The Po River floods in northern Italy.
- November 24 – The Broadway play Gigi opens, starring little known actress Audrey Hepburn as the lead character.
- November 28 – Scrooge, starring Alastair Sim, opens in the United States under the title of Charles Dickens's original novel, A Christmas Carol.
[edit] December
- December 3 – The Lebanese University is founded in Lebanon.
- December 6 – A state of emergency is declared in Egypt due to increasing riots.
- December 13 – A water storage tank collapses in Tucumcari, New Mexico, resulting in 4 deaths, and 200 buildings destroyed.
- December 16 – Salar Jung Museum is opened to the public by Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru.
- December 20 – EBR-1, the world's first (experimental) nuclear power plant, opens.
- December 20 – A chartered C46 Curtis Commando crash lands in Cobourg, Ontario Canada; all on board survived.
- December 23 – The film The African Queen, starring Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn, premieres in Hollywood.
- December 24
- Libya becomes independent from Italy.
- Gian-Carlo Menotti's 45-minute opera Amahl and the Night Visitors premieres live on NBC, becoming the first opera written especially for television.
[edit] Undated
- A fourth, and final, forest fire starts in the Tillamook Burn; but unlike earlier fires this one only burns 32,700 acres (132 km2), and within an area already affected by the earlier fires.
- The most complete recording of Gershwin's opera Porgy and Bess made until then, a 3-LP Columbia Masterworks Records 129-minute album in mono, is released to great critical acclaim. There is truly complete recording of Porgy and Bess until 1976.
- A research team publishes the Interlingua-English Dictionary.
- IBM (United Kingdom) is formed.
- In Munich, Germany, a collection of mementos and personal papers belonging to Adolf Hitler are turned over to Bayerische Landesbank for authentication and eventual sale. Among the documents are his appointment as Chancellor signed by President Paul von Hindenburg, his Austrian passport, as well as an assortment of swastika insignia pins and medals. An initial offer of $200,000.00 is made for the collection.[2]
- Stockholm, Sweden – An 18-year-old sailor is fined for kissing in public. The court calls his actions “obnoxious behavior repulsive to the public morals.”[3]
[edit] Ongoing
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